Vijaya Maid, from Shirur town in Pune district, sings nine ovi inviting her favourite deities to a family wedding – and her songs paint a vivid picture of the scenes from the joyous event

“I know a few songs, why don’t you take them too?” Vijaya Maid said to Jitendra Maid, her college-going son, when she got to know that he was going village to village collecting grindmill songs. The “few songs” turned out to be 173 – that's the number of ovi she contributed to the Grindmill Songs Project (GSP).

Jitendra was a part of the original GSP team that had collected over a lakh jatyavarchya ovya (grindmill songs) in the 1990s. The singers, all women, were from mostly Maharashtra and a few from Karnataka. (Jitendra has continued as a member of the GSP team, now at PARI, where he assists Ashatai Ogale in translating the ovi from Marathi into English.)

“I studied only till saatvi (Class 7), but all my children are educated and are either self-employed or hold jobs,” said Vijayabai, now 80, when we met at Jitendra’s home in Pune three years ago. She was happy to sing some grindmill songs for us, but was finding it difficult to remember the lines at first. She recollected them with her son's help, and so we could record many songs.

Vijayabai learned grindmill songs from her mother and aunt – the songs have been handed down by women from generation to generation. She was the eldest of eight sisters and three brothers. The family lived in Palasdeo village, in Pune's Indapur taluka. S he had to work hard, said Vijayabai, both before and after she got married at 16.

Faith in god and the worship of deities, specially on auspicious occasions, is an integral part of Vijayabai’s life – like it is with many women in Maharashtra

Watch video: Vijaya Maid sings the wedding invitation

After she got married, Vijayabai moved to Shirur, a taluka town in Pune district. Kantilal Maid, her husband, worked as a mapadi (weighman) at the local agricultural produce market. He worked at a ration shop in the evenings, for which he was paid in millets – five kilos of jowar or bajra every week.

It was difficult to cover the household expenses of a growing family with the little money he brought home. “My mother started working for a tobacco factory in Shirur. She would bring home loose tobacco to pack into small sachets,” remembered Jitendra. He and his siblings – five brothers and a sister – would help their mother. “We used the flame of a kerosene lamp to seal the packets.”

In the 1980s, for delivering 1,000 packets, Vijayabai earned 12 anna (75 paise). This work brought the household’s income up to about Rs. 90 every month. To contribute to the finances, Jitendra and his brothers did odd jobs like selling vegetables and distributing newspapers while attending school.

Like it is with many women in Maharashtra, faith in god and the worship of deities, specially on auspicious occasions, is an integral part of Vijayabai’s life. In this instalment of GSP, her nine ovi , are an invitation to gods and goddesses to attend a family wedding. It is a tradition in many Hindu families to invite the family deity first, before relatives and friends. The invitation card is placed in front of the deity’s icon to seek blessings for the bride and groom.

Left: Vijaya Maid at her son's home in Pune. Right: Vijayabai with her son Jitendra, daughter-in-law and grandson
Left: Vijaya Maid at her son's home in Pune. Right: Vijayabai with her son Jitendra, daughter-in-law and grandson

Left: Vijaya Maid at her son's home in Pune. Right: Vijayabai with her son Jitendra (in blue shirt), daughter-in-law Sonali (right) and grandson Yash

In these ovi , the singer invites Khandoba (or Khanderao) and his consort Mhalsa – deities of the temple at Jejuri fort – to join the varhadi , the marriage party. The goddess of Tuljapur temple, Ambabai (or Ambika), whose chariot is drawn by tigers, is invited too. The singer prays to Ganaraj (or Ganapati) to bless the new clothes purchased for the joyous occasion. She says that the wedding pandal's poles must be wide enough to make room for the bolster on which Ganaraj will recline.

The narrator paints a vivid picture of the wedding-day scenes. The Brahmin man performing the ceremony is told to not create problems, because otherwise “people will gossip about my dear daughter.” The ground outside the pandal is slushy because the bride’s father bathes there for a ritual. Though clothes are expensive in the wedding season, the narrator tells her brother, the bridegroom’s mother must be gifted a sari. On the wedding day, hammocks made from saris cradle the babies of the bride's sisters – they are all young mothers, the singer says.

In the last ovi , the singer once more invites Ganaraj to the family wedding and urges him to bring Goddess Sharada with him. She also requests the god to bring new saris when he comes, implying that the clothes bought for the wedding are the blessings of Lord Ganapati.

Listen to Vijaya Maid sing the nine songs


लग्नाची बाई चिठ्ठी गड जेजुरी जाऊ द्या
खंडेराव म्हाळसा मूळ वऱ्हाडी येऊ द्या

लग्नाची चिठ्ठी माझी तुला अंबाबाई
पातळाचे बाई घोळ गणराज तुझ्या पायी

लगनाची चिठ्ठी तुळजापुरच्या लाडीला
आई आंबिकेने वाघ जुंपले गाडीला

लग्नाची चिठ्ठ नको मोडू बामन भटा
मैनाच्या माझ्या बाई उपर नवरीचा बोभाटा

लग्नाच्या दिवशी चिखल कश्याचा झाला
पूजा ना गं मैनाचा बाप नवरीचा न्हाला

लग्न गं सराई कापडाला मोल झालं
बहिण गं वरमाई बंधु तुला घेणं आलं

मांडवाच्या मेडी तुम्ही दूर दूर सारा
देवा गणपती च्या लोडाला जागा करा

लग्नाच्या दिवशी कश्या खांबो खांबी झोळ्या
नवरीच्या माझ्या बाई बहिणीच्या लेकुरवाळ्या

मांडवाच्या दारी गणराज तुम्ही यावा
पातळाचे घोळ संगे शारदाला घ्यावा


lagnācī baee ciṭhṭhī gaḍa jējurī jāū dyā
khaṇḍērāva mhāḷasā muḷa varhāḍī yēū dyā

lagnācī ciṭhṭhī mājhī tulā ambābāī

pātaḷācē baee ghōḷa mājhē tujhyā pāyī

laganācī ciṭhṭhī tuḷajāpuracyā gāḍīlā
āī āmbīkēnē vāgha jumpalē gāḍīlā

lagnācī citta nakō mōḍū bāmana bhaṭā
mainācyā mājhyā bā'ī upanavarīcyā bōbhāṭā

lagnācyā divaśī cikhala kaśyācā jhālā
pūjā nā ga mainācā bāpa navarīcā nhālā

lagīna sarāī kāpaḍālā mōla jhāla
bahiṇa ga varamāī bandhu tulā ghēṇa āla

māṇḍavācyā mēḍī tumhī dura dura sārā
dēvā gaṇapatī cyā lōḍālā jāgā karā

lagnācyā divaśī kaśyā khāmbō khāmbī jhōḷyā
navarīcyā mājhyā bā'ī bahiṇīcyā lēkuravāḷyā

māṇḍavācyā dārī gaṇarāja tumhī yāvā

pātaḷācē ghōḷa saṅgē śāradālā ghyāvā


Let us send the wedding invitation to Jejuri fort
I will invite Khanderao and Mhalsa to join the marriage party

A wedding invitation from me to you, Goddess Ambabai
I place new saris at your feet, Lord Ganaraj, for your blessings

Send the wedding invitation to my most revered goddess of Tuljapur

Goddess Ambika has tied tigers to her chariot

Brahman, the wedding invitations have been sent; don’t create any problems now
People will gossip about my dear daughter – the bride-to-be

On the wedding day, why is the ground so slushy?
The bride Pooja’s father has had a bath

It’s the marriage season, clothes have become expensive
For your sister – the bridegroom’s mother – you must buy [a sari] dear brother

Keep the poles of the marriage pandal at a fair distance
Make space for Lord Ganapati’s bolster

On the wedding day, hammock cradles hang from pole after pole
The bride’s sisters are all young mothers

I invite you, Ganaraya, to a wedding in my family
Bring new saris and bring Sharada too


Performer/Singer : Vijaya Maid

Village : Shirur

Taluka : Shirur

District : Pune

Caste : Sonar (goldsmith)

Date : The singer’s video and songs were recorded on October 8, 2018

Poster: Urja

Read about the original Grindmill Songs Project founded by Hema Rairkar and Guy Poitevin.

நமீதா வாய்கர் எழுத்தாளர், மொழிபெயர்ப்பாளர். PARI-யின் நிர்வாக ஆசிரியர். அவர் வேதியியல் தரவு மையமொன்றில் பங்குதாரர். இதற்கு முன்னால் உயிரிவேதியியல் வல்லுனராக, மென்பொருள் திட்டப்பணி மேலாளராக பணியாற்றினார்.

Other stories by Namita Waikar
PARI GSP Team

பாரியின் திருகை பாடல் குழு: ஆஷா ஓகலே (மொழிபெயர்ப்பு); பெர்னார்ட் பெல் (கணினிமயமாக்கள், தரவு வடிவமைப்பு வளர்ச்சி மற்றும் பராமரிப்பு) ஜித்தேந்திர மெயிட் (மொழியாக்கம் மற்றும் மொழிபெயர்ப்பு உதவி), நமீதா வைகர் (தட்டத்தலைவர், தொகுப்பாசிரியர்); ரஜனி கலேத்கர் (தகவல் உள்ளீடு)

Other stories by PARI GSP Team