Madhusree Mukerjee

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Almost every year, for as long as anyone can remember, the Purbannapara community of Makardah village in Howrah, West Bengal, has held a Tubri
 
 protijogita
 
 or competition for making the brightest, biggest, and longest-lasting
 
 tubri
 
 . A kind of firework, the
 
 tubri
 
 looks rather like a Christmas tree and can loosely be called a Roman candle, but there is no real equivalent in the western world. In Bengal, those village men who are experts in the craft teach their nephews and other boys to make a
 
 tubri, along with other types of fireworks, around the time of Kali Pujo, the local version of Diwali. The competition is typically held a week or two after Diwali, as an extension of the Festival of Lights.
 
 In the early evening, Purbannapara's central courtyard, where all festivals are held, is prepared by erecting two bamboo poles, tied to one another. The resulting single pole will serve to measure the height of the competing
 
 tubris, which can reach as high as 70 feet.

Meanwhile
 
 tubri
 
 making teams, including two from other villages in southern Bengal, have arrived and are assembling their competition entries, each in a different hidden corner of the village. A
 
 tubri
 
 consists of a powdered mixture of salpeter, sulphur and charcoal, combined with iron filings, stuffed tight into a spherical shell made of baked earth. A small hole in the top of the casing allows the powder to be lighted. Each team has its own secret formula for the quantities and graininess of the ingredients, which have to be pounded and mixed fresh for maximum effect.
 
 As more exotic metal shavings become available in local factories, the firework makers have been experimenting with these as well. One team is reported to incorporate antimony, for instance. Aluminium shavings are also common, as a substitute for iron flakes. (Whereas iron burns in yellowish sparkles, aluminium burns a brilliant white, which may be prettier; but aluminium also reduces the height and lifespan of the resulting
 
 tubri
 
 .)
 
 All the teams, however, appear to buy the earthenware casings, which have to withstand tremendous heat and pressure, from a single aged potter. He may be the one irreplaceable key to the tradition.
 
 One team has chosen to prepare its entries behind the village's Shiv temple, whose front has been dressed for the occasion. The powders are ground, mixed, and then pounded tight into the casing, the diameter of which is limited by the competition rules to four inches.

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On this night of November 2013, 124
 
 tubris
 
 will flare. The other visiting team, behind the temple, will also take home one of the top cash prizes of a few thousand rupees, donated by a local entrepreneur.
 
 The competition commences with the lighting of a
 
 tubri.
 
 The firework is set inside a cubical metal frame, designed and made by a local engineer, in order to protect the audience from flying fragments of what is essentially a bomb should the casing burst, which happens often (right).

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The Tubri competition

पश्चिम बंगाल की तुबड़ी प्रतियोगिता

ଟ୍ୟୁବ୍ରି ପ୍ରତିଯୋଗିତା

ٹوبری مقابلہ

Makardah

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The Tubri competition

The Purbannapara community of Makardah village in West Bengal holds an annual 'protijogita' for making the brightest and biggest 'tubri' or firework-candle

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